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「元氣派」的搖擺女歌手Ruth Price

除非是非常狂熱的爵士樂迷,否則知道女歌手Ruth Price大名的人應該是不多吧?不過,如果提到鋼琴手、作曲家、製作人兼GRP唱片公司老闆Dave Grusin,早年曾經買過不少GRP融合爵士樂的台灣樂友,應該就不會陌生了!沒錯,Ruth Price曾與Dave Grusin結褵,雖然與他的前夫一樣,在爵士樂壇工作長達半世紀以上,不過她本人錄製的專輯卻少得可憐,連十張都不到,假如想努力地在網路上郵購Ruth Price的CD的話,恐怕也只有寥寥兩三張而已。



Ruth Price的生活重心幾乎都放在她自己所經營的洛杉磯爵士表演場所「爵士烘焙坊」(The Jazz Bakery)。這家在美國西岸名聲響叮噹的俱樂部屬於非營利性質,Ruth Price的理想,是希望能將演出利潤合理地回饋給音樂人。只要連上「爵士烘焙坊」的首頁,就可以看到Ruth寫給樂迷的公開信,催促大家趕快去買即將於九月舉辦的,為「爵士烘焙坊」募款的音樂會門票。



從一名女歌手轉變為默默推廣爵士樂的幕後人物,數十年來努力不懈的Ruth Price,卻誕生於一個連廣播電台都收聽不到爵士樂的賓州偏僻小鎮。Ruth小時候熱愛芭蕾舞蹈,時常模倣芭蕾女伶的表演,十四歲的時候順利取得了獎學金,進入芭蕾舞學校就讀。畢業之後,Ruth開始以職業舞者的身份,在費城的芭蕾舞團演出,由於芭蕾舞者的薪水不高,她只好和朋友一起在俱樂部兼職。芭蕾舞的音樂屬於古典音樂的範疇,而俱樂部播放的音樂自然是流行歌曲。在俱樂部打工的關係,耳濡目染,Ruth逐漸接受了流行歌曲。

某一天,Ruth的男友帶著她去聽開創現代爵士樂先河的旗手,Charlie Parker的演奏會,Ruth深深地被Charlie Parker自然不造作的吹奏所感染,回家的路上,不自覺地哼唱著演奏會的曲目。男友聽了之後便對她說:「妳是個當歌手的料耶!」。果然,在一九五四年夏天,Ruth參與了Charlie Ventura樂團的演出,正式出道。

受到Charlie Parker的影響而對爵士樂的自由即興演出方式感到興趣,立志當個歌手,這樣的動機,讓我們不難察覺到Ruth Price與同一時期其他女歌手不同之處。Ruth Price Sings with the Johnny Smith Quartet這張專輯中,具體而微地反映了Ruth Price歌唱生涯的早期風格,顯然Ruth Price無意作一個以外貌取勝的花瓶,更不想故作嬌媚,向流行歌壇靠攏。她的歌喉厚實、唱腔宏亮、咬字清晰,屬於Dinah Washington這一類黑味十足的「元氣派」歌手。然而,被現代咆勃樂所深深吸引的Ruth,歌唱時故意變換歌詞,玩弄旋律,更看得出她初出茅廬時的雄心壯志,想將自己完美的一面呈現給聽眾。對於一個毫無爵士樂背景的白人女性,真是不簡單。

顧名思義,Ruth Price Sings with the Johnny Smith Quartet,是Ruth Price與吉他手Johnny Smith領導的四重奏一起合作的專輯。說起Johnny Smith,在筆者的心目中是一個可以比美Barney Kessell的優秀吉他手。他所作的抒情曲「Moonlight in Vermont」,曾被薩克斯風手Stan Getz吹紅,也讓Johnny Smith聲名大噪。Johnny Smith的吉他演奏帶著沈靜夜晚的靜謐感,又擅長演奏抒情曲,非常適合為歌手伴奏,兩人之間的音樂合作,擦出了令人驚豔的火花,讓Ruth Price Sings with the Johnny Smith Quartet這張專輯不落俗套,也帶給聽眾前所未見的新鮮感。總而言之,若是想細細品味Ruth Price早期風格,這張專輯再也合適不過了!

Ruth Price Sings with the Johnny Smith Quartet


為Ruth Price Sings with the Johnny Smith Quartet撰寫日語說明的日本樂評人高田敬三,針對「Ruth Price出道唱片究竟是哪一張?」這個話題,發揮比美「電視冠軍」的究極考據精神。高田敬三首先引述美國樂評人 Leorard Feather說過的一句話:「Ruth的朋友瞞著她,偷偷地將Ruth的試唱帶寄給紐約的唱片公司,也因如此,Ruth順利的灌錄了兩張唱片。」

高田敬三說,這「兩張唱片」倒底是哪兩張,由於早期唱片註記不清的關係,現在已經很難考證。有人推測,在Ruth的早期作品裡,可能包括KAPP廠牌兩張和Roost廠牌一張,這「兩張唱片」極有可能是KAPP的那兩張。不過謹慎的高田敬三也指出,「不能捨棄在KAPP與Roost各發行一張的可能性。」合理的推論是,KAPP廠牌的My Name Is Ruth Price. I Sing極有可能是Ruth的出道作品,因為從專輯名稱中透露出,擔任職業舞者的Ruth也是一名歌手。經過層層抽絲剝繭,甚至校正了原先英語內頁說明的錯誤,高田敬三列出了Ruth Price早期幾張作品錄音的正確順序:My Name Is Ruth Price. I Sing(1955)、Ruth Price Sings with the Johnny Smith Quartet(1956)、The Party Is Over(1957)。高田君的這番考據,真是令人嘆為觀止。

My Name Is Ruth Price. I Sing


言歸正傳,來談談Ruth Price Sings with the Johnny Smith Quartet 這張專輯所收錄的曲子。開場的曲子「I’m Nobody’s Baby」由Benny Davis作詞,Milton Ager作曲,是二○年代大眾媒體尚未發達前,江湖走唱秀(Vaudeville)中時常被演唱的老曲子,到了四○年代時,由茱蒂‧迦蘭(Judy Garland,「綠野仙蹤」一片中飾演桃樂絲的女演員)在米高梅電影「哈弟遇上大閨女」Andy Hardy Meets Debutante再次演唱而大為走紅,而Ruth Price的版本,則輕快地唱出了少女期待戀人出現的純真心情,吉他與電顫琴則以流暢的樂句呼應著,帶出了Q勁十足的搖擺味。

「It Never Entered My Mind」由兩位名家Rorenz Hart(填詞)與Richard Rodgers(譜曲)所作,原出自一九四○年百老匯音樂劇「Higher and Higher」。Ruth緩緩唱出失戀的苦澀,那精確的咬字,略帶沙啞的渾厚嗓音,表現地相當生動,有一種令人疼惜的感覺。「Wonderful Guy」由Oscar Hammerstein II作詞,Richard Rodgers作曲,原出自一九四九年登場的音樂劇「南太平洋」。這也是一首輕快的曲子,在搖擺的節奏中,Johnny Smith以精彩的吉他樂句潤飾著Ruth Price的歌聲,默契十足。「Until the Real Thing Comes Along」原作於一九三六年,因Andy Kirk樂團(也就是女鋼琴手Mary Lou Williams曾經參與過的知名樂團)演奏而一炮而紅,順理成章地成為樂團的招牌曲目。Ruth以往後退半拍的laidback感,沈穩地唱出抒情曲調,當然也少不了Johnny Smith充滿夜晚氣息的吉他伴奏。

「This Heart of Mine」由Arthur Fred(填詞)與Harry Warren(譜曲)所作,一九四六年米高梅電影公司發行的「歌舞大王齊格菲」(Ziegfeld Follies)一片中,因為男主角佛雷‧亞斯坦(Fred Astaire)的演唱而廣為人知。Ruth Price以慢板開始,不過唱到「Quiet suddenly I meet you」時加快了節奏,Johnny Smith再一次扮演畫龍點睛的角色,過門時有很漂亮的獨奏,整首曲子搖擺韻味十足。

對台灣的樂友而言,「When You Wish Upon A Star」應該是很熟悉的曲子。這是因為曲子出自知名的迪士尼卡通「木偶奇遇記」插曲,原由Cliff Edwards演唱,不但曾獲奧斯卡最佳電影配樂,也有多位歌手重唱。因為是慢歌的關係,聽眾可以領略Ruth Price傑出的歌唱技巧,每一字每一句都極有份量,與原先的多部美聲合唱大不相同,令人耳目一新。「Time after Time」則是一九四七年,由男歌手法蘭克‧辛納區所主演的音樂片「布魯克林奇遇」(It Happened in Brooklyn)中的插曲。Ruth Price與Johnny Smith再一次以暢快的搖擺節奏,譜出這首曲子的青春幸福感。「Goodbye」由Gordon Jenkins作詞作曲,也是Benny Goodman大樂團的招牌曲,Ruth適時的改變歌詞,讓自己的歌唱更能融入氣氛。

「Back in Your Own Yard」與「Run Little Rain Drop Run」是兩首節奏輕快的曲子。前者可以聽出Ruth以輕重音帶出搖擺感的用心,後者則可聽出年輕的Ruth唱出年輕氣盛、不畏大雨的活潑朝氣。「I’ll be Seeing You」原出自一九三八年音樂劇「Right This Way」中的插曲,不過當時並沒有受到重視,直到一九四三年二次大戰中,因Being Crosby、法蘭克‧辛納區等人的演唱才大受矚目,Ruth將這道羅曼蒂克的抒情歌曲,用舒服輕快的方式演唱著。最後,「Sleeping Bee」原本是Harold Arlen為電影所寫的插曲,不過當時並沒有被使用,一九五四年的音樂劇「House of Flower」才被採用。Ruth將年輕女孩的溫柔以歌聲展露無遺。

錄製完Ruth Price Sings with the Johnny Smith Quartet後,Ruth曾短暫地活躍於費城和紐約俱樂部之間,接著因為唱片合約的關係,遷移到好萊塢。惟好萊塢的唱片公司最後仍因財務困窘,使得Ruth在好萊塢的錄音工作無疾而終。之後她就留在美國西岸,在洛杉磯一家名為Jazz City的俱樂部中繼續其歌唱生涯。在這段日子裡,她也結識了西岸爵士樂的靈魂人物,也是知名的鼓手Shelly Manne,並在Shelly Manne的The Manne Hole俱樂部中演出。這其中部分的精華,收錄於一九六一年現代唱片(Contemporary Records)出版的現場專輯Ruth Price with Shelley Manne & His Men at the Manne Hole。同台演出的,除了Shelly Manne之外,還有曾為Chet Baker伴奏的鋼琴手Russ Freeman,薩克斯風手Richie Kamuca,小號手Conte Candoli以及低音貝斯手Chuck Berghofer等人。這張專輯可以說是Ruth的生涯代表作。唯一的遺憾,就是像這樣的現場專輯實在發行得太少了!

Ruth Price with Shelley Manne & His Men at the Manne Hole


一九六二年,Ruth Price和好萊塢爵士俱樂部The Scene的英籍鋼琴手Victor Feldman在AVA Label錄製了一張現場專輯Live and Beautiful,如同她一貫地風格,Ruth將搖擺樂和抒情歌曲適度地融合一起,是另一張很有味道的現瑒專輯。而從一九六四年開始,Ruth Price接受邀請,加入了小號手Harry James樂團的全球巡迴演出。根據高田君的說法,其間他們也曾拜訪日本,在TBS電視台演出時的畫面被保存下來,東芝EMI唱片出版了一捲One Night Stand Harry James Orchestra’64 in Japan的錄影帶,想一睹Ruth Price演唱風采的有心人,不妨在日本的二手軟體市場碰碰運氣。

由於忙著經營「爵士烘焙坊」,能夠聽到Ruth Price歌唱的機會是越來越少了。偶爾我們會在Vic Lewis 樂團的專輯Play Bill Holman,或者是另一位久違的薩克斯風手Herb Geller的專輯Plays The Al Cohn Songbook中聽見她客串演出「Mr. Music」。下次去洛杉磯,記得拜訪一下「爵士烘焙坊」,或許,會有意外的驚喜,也不一定喲!

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評論

不知小威老師所說的「爵士烘焙坊」是否為這家->http://www.jazzbakery.com?

離返台的日子不遠了,希望有機會能前去欣賞那裡的現場表演啊!

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